Dr. Jorge Cortés

#PulmonaryRenal #pulmonary and #renal #syndrome

Anemia - Workup and Differential Diagnosis - History, Physical Exam, Labs - Microcytic - Normocytic - Macrocytic - Hemolytic #Anemia #Workup #Differential #Diagnosis #causes

Causes of Granulomatous Liver Diseases - Differential Diagnosis Infections (Bacterial, Viral, Fungal, Parasitic) Malignancy Autoimmune Drugs/Toxins Others #Granulomatous #Liver #hepatic #granulomas #Differential #Diagnosis #hepatology

Causes of Encephalopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hyperacute: - Primary Neurologic: Vascular (IS, ICH), Seizure, Migraine, Trauma - Systemic: Hypertensive encephalopathy Acute: - Primary Neurologic: Vascular (SDH), Inflammatory (Acute demyelination), Infectious

Causes of Painful Ophthalmoplegia - Differential Diagnosis • Trauma • Autoimmune: 1. Sarcoidosis 2. GPA 3. Eosinophilic granuloma 4. Tolosa-Hunt syndrome 5. Giant cell arteritis • Infectious: 1. Bacterial: Treponema pallidum, contig

Pericarditis - Differential Diagnosis - Epidemiology - Clinical Presentation - Differential Diagnosis • Infectious: Viral, Bacterial, Fungal • Malignant • Connective Tissue Disease • Cardiac • Metabolic • Other #Pericarditis #Differential #D

Vitums Sign - Hepatic Pressure Maneuver to Identify Tricuspid Regurgitation on Physical Exam Firm pressure with the palm of hand → inward and cephalad below the right costal margin for a few seconds → auscultation at the 4th and/or 5th intercostal space at the left stern

Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis Approach (when evaluation should be done): 1. Severe or resistant hypertension: Resistant hypertension is defined as the persistence of hypertension despite concurrent use of adequate doses of three antihypert

Ascites - Diagnostic Approach and Differential Diagnosis The most common causes: cirrhosis, malignancy and heart failure. Approx 5% of patients w/ ascites have more than one cause (e.g. cirrhosis + TB, peritonitis, peritoneal carcinomatosis, HF, etc.). Physical Exam: 1) Most

Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features 1) Skin • Thin, easily bruisable skin with stretch marks (classically purple abdominal striae) and/or ecchymoses • Delayed wound healing • Flushing of the face • Hirsutism • Acne • If

Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) Clinical Presentation 1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue, reduced exercise tolerance, and ankle swelling. 2. Less Typical Symptoms: cough, abdominal distension, wheeze, abdominal blo

Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary Epidemiology 1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals per year) and among African Americans (18-71 cases per 100,000 individuals per year) 2) Lowest in Asian countries (1 case per 100,000 in

Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup History: - Prior platelet count, family history - Medications - Chronicity/severity - History of bleeding (petechiae, ecchymoses, epistaxis, gingival bleeding, hematemesis, melena, heav

Chagas Disease - American Trypanosomiasis - Diagnosis and Management Summary Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) is an infectious disease caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), which is typically transmitted by triatomine bugs of the Reduviid family

Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) - Diagnosis and Management Summary Clinical features - Classic triad (flank pain, hematuria, and a palpable abdominal renal mass): 9% of patients- when present suggests locally advanced disease 1. Hematuria (most common) 2. Anemia (common) 3. Colick