Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch

 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)

 • Vascular (PE*)

 • Parenchymal Disease

Diffusion Limitation

 • Interstitial lung disease

 • Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Intracardiac Right to Left Shunt

 • Ventricular Septal Defect **

 • Atrial Septal Defect

Pulmonary Right to Left Shunt

 • Arteriovenous Malformation

 • Severe Pneumonia

 • Atelectasis

Central Hypoventilation

 • Drugs*

 • Coma

 • Hypothyroidism

Peripheral Hypoventilation

 • Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome

 • Neuromascular Weakness

 • Pleural Abnormalities

 • Chest Wall Abnormalities



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