Causes of Localized Lymphadenopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cervical:

 - Anterior

     • Infection (e.g. Mononucleosis, Toxoplasmosis)

 - Posterior

     •TB

     • Lymphoma

     • Kikuchi Disease

     • Head/Neck Malignancy

Supraclavicular:

 • Thoracic Malignancy (Breast, Mediastinum, Lungs, Esophagus)

 • Abdominal Malignancy (Virchow's Node)

Axillary:

  • Infection (Arm, Thoracic Wall, Breast)

  • Cancer (In absence of infection in upper extremity)

Epitrochlear (Always pathologic):

  • Infection (Forearm/Hand)

  • Lymphoma

  • Sarcoidosis

  • Tularemia

  • Secondary Syphilis 

Inguinal:

  • Leg Infection

  • Sexually Transmitted Infection

  • Cancer



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