Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Neurocardiogenic:

 • Vasovagal

 • Orthostatic Hypotension

 • Autonomic Neuropathy

 • Situational (micturition, coughing, defecation)

Respiratory:

 • Pulmonary Embolism

 • Hypoxia

 • Hypercapnia

Other:

 • Hypoglycemia

 • Anemia

 • Medications (CCB, ßB, Nitrates, Diuretics)

 • TIA

 • Psychiatric

 • Intoxication

 • Migraine

Cardiac:

 - Contractility:

     • MI

     • DCM

 - Afterload:

     • Mitral/Aortic Stenosis

     • HCM (LVOT)

 - Preload:

     • Blood Loss/Hypotension

     • Mitral Stenosis

     • Cardiac Tamponade

     • Constrictive Pericarditis

 - Tachyarrhythmia:

     • VT/VFib

     • AFib/AFlutter

     • AVNRT/AVRT

 - Bradyarrhythmia:

     • Sick Sinus Syndrome (SA Node)

     • 2nd/3rd degree AV Block

     • Pacemaker Malfunction

     • Tachy-Brady Syndrome



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