Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery injury, often from vascular event -> Complete loss of motor function below injury level. Loss of pain and temperature at and below level of iniury -> Often mimics complete

 • Central Cord Syndrome ->Cord compression, often with pre-existing spondylosis -> Commonly hyperextension -> Upper extremity weakness and hyperpathia. Sensory loss below level of injury, Bladder retention -> Primarily Upper Extremity Dysfunction (pain, spasticity and clumsiness in hands)

 • Posterior Cord Syndrome -> Posterior spinal artery injury -> Loss of vibration, proprioception, and light touch below level of injury, Preserved motor function

 • Brown-Sequard Syndrome -> Complete hemicord lesion -> Primarily penetrating injuries -> Ipsilateral loss of motor function, level of iniury, pain and temperature below level of iniurv

 • Conus Medullaris Syndrome -> Trauma, disc herniation or tumour causing injury to conus medullaris -> Mixed upper and lower motor neuron deficiencies -> Sphincter dysfunction, loss of bladder and rectal reflex. saddle anesthesia. leg weakness and



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