Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations



 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response -> Subacute cutaneous lupus: scaly annular lesions and plaques form in sun exposed areas -> Scaring alopecia

 • Red plaques with keratotic scaling that extend inflammation onto hair follicles -> causes follicular plugging -> Discoid Rash

 • UV light Incr cell death of keratinocytes but abnormal phagocytic removal of these cells -> Incr local inflammation on skin -> Malar (butterfly) Rash

 • ICx & immunoglobulin deposit at the dermal-epidermal junction (not restricted to mucous membranes) -> Mouth, Nasal Ulcers

 • Destruction of hair follicles due to inflammation (complex mechanism) -> Alopecia

 • Vasospasm of dermal arterioles and veins (decr release and activity of nitric oxide on endothelium) & Decr blood circulation to veins -> Livedo Reticularis, Vasculitis, Raynaud's Phenomenon



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