Personality Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

• Enduring pattern of experience and behaviour that deviates from cultural expectations, manifest in two or more of the following areas: cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning, and impulse control

• The pattern is inflexible and pervasive across many social and personal situations

• The pattern leads to distress or impairment in important areas of functioning

• The pattern is stable and of long duration, with an onset that can be traced back to childhood or adolescence

• The pattern is not due to another mental illness, a general medical condition, or substance use



Cluster A: Odd or Eccentric

 • Paranoid - irrational suspicion or mistrust

 • Schizoid - emotional detachment, lack of interest in social relationships

 • Schizotypal - Odd beliefs

Cluster B: Dramatic, Emotional, or Social

 • Antisocial - disregard for social norms, the law, and rights of others

 • Borderline - instability of identity, relationships, and behaviour

 • Histrionic - attention-seeking, exaggerated emotional expression

 • Narcissistic - grandiosity, need for admiration, lack of empathy

Cluster C: Anxious or Fearful

 • Avoidant - social inhibition, inadequacy, hypersensitivity

 • Dependent - psychological dependence on others)

 • Obsessive-Compulsive - rigid, inflexible conformity to rules, order, and codes)



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