The recommended pre-operative workup for patients taking anticoagulants involves stratifying both thromboembolic & bleeding risk, determining appropriate timing for medication interruption, & deciding whether bridging therapy is needed. Specific approach depends on the type of anticoagulant, renal function, and procedure-related bleeding risk.
• Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs)
o For apixaban, rivaroxaban, and Edoxaban, the American College of Chest Physicians recommends stopping these agents 1-2 days before low-to-moderate bleeding risk procedures and 2 days before high bleeding risk procedures.
• For dabigatran, interruption timing depends on renal function.
o With normal renal function (CrCl ≥50 mL/min), stop 1-2 days before low-risk procedures and 2 days before high-risk procedures.
o With impaired renal function (CrCl <50 mL/min), extend interruption to 3-4 days before high-risk procedures due to predominantly renal clearance.
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