Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis

GI losses / Insensible losses

Sodium Overload

Transcellular Movement of Water

Central Diabetes Insipidus (Decr ADH production or release) 

 - Idiopathic

 - Neurosurgery 

 - Trauma

 - Infiltrative disorders (e.g. sarcoidosis, histiocytosisX, granulomatosiswith polyangiitis)

 - Malignancy

 - CNS infections

 - Various rare genetic/congenital disorders

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus (Incr ADH sensitivity in kidneys)

 - Medications (e.g. lithium, amphotericin, demeclocycline, ifosfamide, cisplatin)

 - Chronic hypercalcemia

 - Chronic hypokalemia

 - Various renal diseases (e.g. renal amyloidosis, multiple myeloma Sjogren’ssyndrome, sickle cell disease)

 - Various rare genetic disorders

 - Pregnancy



Dr. Eric Strong https://twitter.com/DrEricStrong 



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