4 T’s Mnemonic for Causes of Post-Partum Hemorrhage (PPH)



Tone (70%):

 - Uterine Atony

 - Tx: Massage, Uterotonics (Oxytocin)

 

Trauma (20%):

 - Lacerations, Hematomas, Rupture

 - Tx: Repair, Packing, OR



Tissue (10%)

 - Retained products of conception

 - Tx: Evacuation, D&C



Thrombin (1%)

 - Coagulopathies, DIC

 - Tx: Replace coagulation factors



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