HACEK is the acronym commonly used to describe and help doctors to remember a group of fastidious Gram-negative bacilli which normally live in the mouth, but which can also cause infective endocarditis. They are not common; less than 3% of endocarditis is caused by HACEK bacteria. More commonly endocarditis is caused by Alpha-haemolytic Streptococcus sp. (previously known as Viridans Streptococcus sp.), Enterococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp.
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