Liver Function Tests (LFTs) - Normal Values and Interpretation



Alanine aminotransferase (ALT/SGPT) - Liver, cardiac & skeletal muscle, kidneys

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST/SGOT) - Liver, cardiac & skeletal muscle, kidney, brain, pancreas, lungs, RBCs

Alkaline phosphatase (AlkP) - Liver, bone, placenta, kidney, intestines

Gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase (GGT) - Liver, biliary epithelium, kidney, seminal vesicles, pancreas, spleen, heart, brain, NOT in bone

5'-nucleotidase - Liver, intestine, brain, heart, blood vessels, endocrine pancreas, NOT in bone

Total bilirubin (TBili)

Direct bilirubin (Conjugated/DBili) - Biliary obstruction, intrahepatic cholestasis, hepatocellular injury, genetic (?)

Indirect bilirubin (Unconjugated) - Overproduction (hemolysis) impaired uptake (drugs, shunts) impaired conjugation (Gillbert, Crigler-Najjar)

Albumin - Plasma (almost exclusively made in liver)

Prothrombin Time (PT) - Marker of vitamin k- associated clotting factors

International Normalized Ratio (INR) - Standardization of prothrombin time across labs



By Dr. Khushboo Gala @LouLectures



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