Causes of Toxic Megacolon - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Ulcerative colitis, Crohn's colitis
 • Infection: Clostridium difficile, Amoebic dysentery, Disseminated cytomegalovirus, Shigella, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Aspergillus, Cryptosporidiosis, Yersinia, Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (complicating Escherichia coli 0157 infection)
 • Other Disorders: Ischemic colitis, Diverticulitis, Obstructing colonic carcinoma, Colonic volvulus
 • Factors associated with triggering Opioids (including loperamide) or worsening of toxic dilatation: 5-HT3 antagonists, Anticholinergics, Hypokalaemia, Hypomagnesaemia, Overdistension at colonoscopy, Overdistension during radiology, Chemotherapy

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