Causes of Orthopnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework



 • Fear and Anxiety

 • Pleural Effusion

 • Ascites

 • COPD

 • Hypothyroidism/Hyperthyroidism

 • URTI

 • Pulmonary Edema

 • Severe Pneumonia

 • Obesity/SIeep apnea

 • Hypothyroidism

	- Cardiogenic/Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema

	- Diaphragmatic weakness

 • Hyperthyroidism

	- Cardiogenic pulmonary edema

	- Diaphragmatic pulmonary edema

 • Bilateral Diaphragmatic paralysis:

	- Trauma

	- Surgery

	- Radiation

	- Cervical manipulation

	- CNS lesion: ALS, MS, Polio

	- PNS lesion: Brachial plexus neuropathy, GBS, CIDP

	- Myopathies

	- Compressive mediastinal tumors



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